1976 Chowchilla ๋‚ฉ์น˜ - 1976 Chowchilla kidnapping

1976 Chowchilla ๋‚ฉ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค ๋‚ฉ์น˜ ํ•™๊ต ๋ฒ„์Šค ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„์™€ 26 ์ž๋…€, 5 ์„ธ 14์— Chowchilla, ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋…„ 7 ์›” 15 ์ผ 1976 ๋…„์— ์„ธ ๋‚ฉ์น˜๋ฒ”์€ ๋งค์žฅ์—์„œ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์˜ฅ ์ƒ์ž ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋‚ด ์ฑ„์„์žฅ ์—์„œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๋ชจ์–ด, ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ , ๋Œ์•„ ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชธ๊ฐ’์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€ํ•˜ 16 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„ ์šด์ „์ž์™€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๋‚ด์–ด ํƒˆ์ถœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฑ„์„์žฅ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜ ์•„๋“ค Frederick Newhall Woods IV์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ ํ˜•์ œ James์™€ Richard Schoenfeld๊ฐ€ ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์–ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋กœ ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2015 ๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‘ Schoenfelds๋Š” ๊ฐ€์„๋ฐฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ  Woods๋Š” 2019 ๋…„ ๊ฐ€์„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์œ ๊ดด

1976 ๋…„ 7 ์›” 15 ์ผ ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„ 4 ์‹œ๊ฒฝ, ์Šค์ฟจ ๋ฒ„์Šค ์šด์ „์‚ฌ ์ธ Frank Edward "Ed"Ray๋Š” ๋ฐด์ด ์•ž์˜ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ Dairyland ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ง‘์—์„œ 26 ๋ช…์˜ ํ•™์ƒ์„ Chowchilla ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์žฅ ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์†กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ„์Šค. ๋ ˆ์ด๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ ์„ธ๋ช…์˜ ๋ฌด์žฅ ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ฎ๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก  ์Šคํƒ€ํ‚น๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฃผ ์ณค๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ ˆ์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐด์„ ํƒ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [1]

๋‚ฉ์น˜๋ฒ”์€ Berenda ์Šฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ์–•์€ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ Chowchilla ๊ฐ• , [2] ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐ˜์„ ์€๋‹‰๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณณ. ๋‘ ๋ฐด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋’ท๋ฉด์— ๊ฒ€์€ ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์น ํ•ด์ง„ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ํŒจ๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ฐ€์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ ˆ์ด์™€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ด๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‘ ํ™”๋ฌผ์ฐจ๋กœ ๋ชฐ์•„ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์ „์— ์ตœํ›„ ์ฑ„์„์žฅ๋กœ ์ทจํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  11์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์ซ“๊ฒจ ( 37 ยฐ 39'48 "N 121 ยฐ 48'29"W ๏ปฟ / ๏ปฟ 37.66333 ยฐ N 121.80806 ยฐ W๏ปฟ / 37.66333; -121.80806 ) ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๋ชจ์–ด. [1] ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ 7 ์›” 16 ์ผ ์ด๋ฅธ ์•„์นจ, ๋‚ฉ์น˜๋ฒ”๋“ค์€ ํฌ์ƒ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ ์€ ์–‘์˜ ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋น„์ถ• ํ•ด ๋†“์€ ๋งค์žฅ ๋œ ์ด๋™ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์— ์‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [์‚ผ]

๋ฒ„์Šค ์šด์ „์‚ฌ Ray์™€ ๋” ๋‚˜์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์Œ“์•„ ๋‘์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ธˆ์†ํŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ณ  100 ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์šฉ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ์ƒ๋‹จ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์— ๋„๋‹ฌ ํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ๊ฒŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ๋์— Ray์™€ 14 ์„ธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์†Œ๋…„ ์ธ Michael Marshall์€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋šœ๊ป‘์„ ์—ด๊ณ  ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ž…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํŒŒํŽธ์„ ํŒŒํ—ค ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [3] ๋งค๋ฆฝ ๋œ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์— ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ์ง€ 16 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„, ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์„œ Shadow Cliffs East Bay ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณต์› ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์žˆ๋Š” ์ฑ„์„์žฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋น„ ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [4]

์ฒดํฌ ๋ฐ ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ

์ฑ„์„์žฅ ์ฃผ์ธ์˜ ์•„๋“ค ์ธ 24 ์„ธ Frederick Newhall Woods IV๋Š” ์ฑ„์„์žฅ์˜ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์„ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋ฌปํž ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ ํ˜•์ œ ์ œ์ž„์Šค์™€ ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ์‡ค ํŽ ํŠธ (๊ฐ๊ฐ 24 ์„ธ์™€ 22 ์„ธ)๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ๋„๋‚œ ํ˜์˜๋กœ ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง‘ํ–‰ ์œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์„ ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์ฆˆ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์žฅ์ด ์ง‘ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋‚ฉ์น˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋œ ์ด๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์™€ ๋ชธ๊ฐ’ ์ดˆ์•ˆ์„ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹ฌ์•„๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. [3] ์šฐ์ฆˆ๋Š” 2 ์ฃผ ๋‚ฉ์น˜ ํ›„ ๋ถ™ ์žกํ˜”๋‹ค ๋ฐด์ฟ ๋ฒ„, ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ์‹œ ์ปฌ๋Ÿผ๋น„์•„ , ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค . [5] James Schoenfeld๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚  ์ผ์ฐ ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ฃผ ๋ฉ˜๋กœ ํŒŒํฌ, ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ์‡ค ํŽ ํŠธ๋Š” ๋‚ฉ์น˜ 8 ์ผ ํ›„ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น๊ตญ์— ์‹ ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [1]

๋‚ฉ์น˜๋ฒ”๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์˜๋„ ํ•œ 5 ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋ชธ๊ฐ’ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฐจ์šฐ ์น ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™”์„ ์ด ์–ธ๋ก  ์ „ํ™”์™€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ฌถ์—ฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 16 ์ผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์–ด๋А ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์ž ์— ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋‚  ๋ฐค ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜ ํฌ์ƒ์ž๋“ค์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „ ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ณด๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. James Schoenfeld๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ถ€์œ  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ์™”์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์™€ Woods ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋นš์ด ์ปธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ช…์˜ ํฌ์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฝ‘์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชธ๊ฐ’์„ ์ง€๋ถˆ ํ•  ์šฉ์˜๊ฐ€์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " [3] [6]

๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ Alfred Hitchcock์˜ Daring Detectives (1969) ์— ์‹ค๋ฆฐ Hugh Pentecost ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ "The Day the Children Vanished"์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . [7] ์ด ์ฑ…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ณธ์€ Chowchilla ๊ณต๊ณต ๋„์„œ๊ด€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋‚ฉ์น˜๋ฒ”๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด๋ก ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [8]

์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ชธ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ๊ฐ•๋„๋กœ ์œ ์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚ฉ์น˜ ํ˜์˜์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„๋ฐฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์—†์ด ์ข…์‹ ํ˜•์„ ์„ ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ƒํ•ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ ์ฒด ์ƒํ•ด ํ˜์˜๋กœ ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์ œ ํ˜•์„ ์„ ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์€ ์•„๋™์ด ์ž…์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ƒํ•ด (์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฒ ์ธ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์™€ ํƒ€๋ฐ•์ƒ)๊ฐ€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ƒํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ ํ•œ ํ•ญ์†Œ ๋ฒ•์›์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋’ค์ง‘ ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์„๋ฐฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ข…์‹ ํ˜•์„ ์„ ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [3] Richard Schoenfeld๋Š” 2012 ๋…„์— ์„๋ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  [9] James Schoenfeld๋Š” 2015 ๋…„ 8 ์›” 7 ์ผ์— ๊ฐ€์„๋ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [10] [11][12]

2019 ๋…„ 10 ์›” Frederick Woods๋Š” 19 ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ€์„๋ฐฉ ์ฒญ๋ฌธํšŒ๋Š” 2024 ๋…„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค. [13] [14] ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐ€์ˆ˜ํ’ˆ ์Œ๋ž€๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํœด๋Œ€ ์ „ํ™” ์†Œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง•๊ณ„ ์œ„๋ฐ˜๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—ˆ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [15] [16]

2016 ๋…„ ์šฐ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์žฌ ๋ณด์ƒ ์†Œ์†ก์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ต๋„์†Œ์— ํ†ต๋ณดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ธˆ๊ด‘๊ณผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํŒ๋งค์ ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๋ฐ” ๋’ค์—์„œ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ๋‹ค. ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ๋ถ€์œ  ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ • ์ธ Newhalls์™€ Woods์˜ ์ƒ์†์ธ ์ธ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์›์—์„œ 1 ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ ํƒ ๊ธฐ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ ค ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (์šฐ์ฆˆ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๊ธˆ์•ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ). ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ์•ฝ 30 ๋ถ„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์ €ํƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [6]

์—ฌํŒŒ

Frank Edward "Ed" Ray (February 26, 1921 โ€“ May 17, 2012) received a California School Employees Association citation for outstanding community service.[17] Before he died in 2012,[18] he was visited by many of the schoolchildren he had helped save.[19] Every February 26 has been declared Edward Ray Day in Chowchilla.[20]

A study found that the kidnapped children suffered from panic attacks, nightmares involving kidnappings and death, and personality changes. Many developed fears of such things as "cars, the dark, the wind, the kitchen, mice, dogs and hippies",[21] and one shot a Japanese tourist with a BB gun when the tourist's car broke down in front of his home.[22] Many of the children continued to report symptoms of trauma at least 25 years after the kidnapping, including substance abuse and depression, and a number have been imprisoned for "doing something controlling to somebody else."[23][24]

In 2016, the twenty-five surviving kidnapped children settled a lawsuit they had filed against their kidnappers. The money they received was paid out of Frederick Woods' trust fund, and although the exact settlement amount was not disclosed, one survivor stated that they had each received "enough to pay for some serious therapy - but not enough for a house."[6]

In popular culture

A two-hour made-for-TV movie about the event aired on the ABC Network on March 1, 1993 titled: They've Taken Our Children: The Chowchilla Kidnapping. It starred Karl Malden as bus driver Ed Ray, and Julie Harris as his wife.[25]

The Chowchilla kidnappings were featured on episode 7 of season 2 of the program House of Horrors: Kidnapped, which airs on the American cable network Investigation Discovery.[26] The episode, "Buried Alive", first aired on April 21, 2015, and was told from the point of view of Michael Marshall, who at age 14 was the oldest of the children on the bus.

An episode of Inside Edition reunited some of the kidnapped women to tell their stories of the kidnappings. The bus from the kidnappings, which is now stored in a Chowchilla farm warehouse, was also seen in the episode.

In 2019, the television news magazine 48 Hours investigated the story in the episode "Live to Tell: The Chowchilla Kidnapping".

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Taylor, Michael; Writer, Chronicle Staff (July 15, 2001). "Chowchilla nightmares / 25 years later, kidnap victims still struggling to forget past". SFGate. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  2. ^ Lindsey, Robert (July 17, 1976). "26 Children Found Safe After Being Kidnapped From Bus In California". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. p. 1. Retrieved May 12, 2017. Instead of turning right at an intersection leading to the fourth stop, it apparently continued west toward what is called the Berenda Slough. It was in the slough that the bus was found...
  3. ^ a b c d e "Chowchilla bus kidnapping survivor: "I felt like I was an animal going to the slaughterhouse"". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
  4. ^ "Chowchilla City History: 1976 Bus Kidnapping". City of Chowchilla, California. Chowchilla, California. Archived from the original on November 3, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2016.
  5. ^ The Encyclopedia of Kidnappings by Michael Newton (2002) p. 60.
  6. ^ a b c "Notorious Chowchilla bus kidnapper ran a gold mine and Christmas tree farm from prison". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  7. ^ Alfred Hitchcock; Arthur Shilstone (1969) Alfred Hitchcock's Daring Detectives, Random House, New York ISBN 978-0-39481-490-2
  8. ^ "CRIME: Escape from an Earthen Cell". Time. July 26, 1976. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  9. ^ Hurd, Rick; Green, Jason (June 22, 2012). "Paroled Chowchilla school bus kidnapper living in Mountain View". San Jose Mercury News. MediaNews Group. Retrieved June 22, 2012.
  10. ^ [1] Archived August 8, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (August 7, 2015)
  11. ^ "Chowchilla kidnapper granted parole at 20th hearing" Archived May 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (April 1, 2015) The Fresno Bee
  12. ^ "CALIFORNIA BRIEFING; SAN LUIS OBISPO; Parole granted in 1976 kidnapping" (April 2, 2015) Los Angeles Times, p. B4
  13. ^ Egelko, Bob (April 24, 2019). "Parole hearing granted for last Chowchilla kidnapper still in prison". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
  14. ^ Sorto, Gabrielle (October 8, 2019). "Infamous Chowchilla School Bus Kidnapper Inspired By 'Dirty Harry' Is Denied Parole". CNN. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  15. ^ "California: Parole Denied for Man Who Helped Hijack School Bus in 1976". The New York Times. November 19, 2015. Retrieved November 19, 2015.
  16. ^ "Parole Denied Again for Frederick Woods, Last of 3 Men Convicted in 1976 Chowchilla Kidnapping to Remain in Prison" (November 19, 2015) NBC Bay Area
  17. ^ Hevesi, Dennis (May 18, 2012). Ray, Bus Driver During Kidnapping, Dies at 91. The New York Times
  18. ^ Associated Press (May 18, 2012). Chowchilla kidnapping bus driver Frank Ray dies. San Francisco Chronicle
  19. ^ Smith, Joshua Emerson (May 17, 2012). Ed Ray, Chowchilla bus driver in 1976 kidnapping, dies. Archived March 22, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Merced Sun-Star
  20. ^ Miller, Thaddeus (February 26, 2015). "Chowchilla bus driver remembered, honored as humble hero". Merced Sun-Star. Retrieved February 26, 2016. Chowchilla Mayor John Chavez read a proclamation during the park dedication, which included making every Feb. 26 Edward Ray Day in Chowchilla. "We hope that when Feb. 26 comes around each year, you stop for a moment and remember the strength and heroism that was Edward Ray," he said, speaking to the crowd.
  21. ^ "Study Finds Trauma in Kidnap Victims". Merced Sun-Star. The Associated Press. January 20, 1981.
  22. ^ Linda Witt (July 20, 1986). "A Decade-old Crime Holds A Small Town Hostage". Chicago Tribune. TEMPO; Pg. 1; ZONE: C. Retrieved March 15, 2016.CS1 maint: location (link)
  23. ^ Charles Osgood, anchor; John Blackstone, reporter (July 29, 2001). "Innocence lost; the Chowchilla kidnap victims 25 years later, and what they taught us about childhood trauma". CBS News Transcripts. CBS Sunday Morning.
  24. ^ "'Little Heroes of Medicine' Teach Experts to Treat Childhood Trauma". CBS News. January 31, 2002. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
  25. ^ "๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค ์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค ๊ฐ”์–ด์š” : ์ฐจ์šฐ ์น ๋ผ ๋‚ฉ์น˜" โ€“ via www.imdb.com.
  26. ^ " ๊ณตํฌ์˜ ์ง‘ : ๋‚ฉ์น˜๋˜๋Š” :"์‚ด์•„ ๋ฌปํ˜€ "(TV ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ)" . ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์˜ํ™” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค . ๋งŒํšŒ ๋…„ 4 ์›” (22), 2015 .